Modification de Teorías de la Economía Política Internacional
Attention : vous n’êtes pas connecté(e). Votre adresse IP sera visible de tout le monde si vous faites des modifications. Si vous vous connectez ou créez un compte, vos modifications seront attribuées à votre propre nom d’utilisateur(rice) et vous aurez d’autres avantages.
La modification peut être annulée. Veuillez vérifier les différences ci-dessous pour voir si c’est bien ce que vous voulez faire, puis publier ces changements pour finaliser l’annulation de cette modification.
Version actuelle | Votre texte | ||
Ligne 291 : | Ligne 291 : | ||
Otro aspecto que determina cómo se agregan las preferencias son las instituciones nacionales. Las distinciones básicas son la distinción entre regímenes democráticos y autoritarios, pero también dentro de los regímenes democráticos la distinción entre instituciones electorales mayoritarias frente a las proporcionales, pero también dentro de los regímenes democráticos la forma en que las instituciones de negociación permiten la coordinación o la competencia en según qué sistemas de fijación. | Otro aspecto que determina cómo se agregan las preferencias son las instituciones nacionales. Las distinciones básicas son la distinción entre regímenes democráticos y autoritarios, pero también dentro de los regímenes democráticos la distinción entre instituciones electorales mayoritarias frente a las proporcionales, pero también dentro de los regímenes democráticos la forma en que las instituciones de negociación permiten la coordinación o la competencia en según qué sistemas de fijación. | ||
== | == Explaining US foreign economic policy == | ||
We will take a look at explaining the US foreign economic policy in the twenties, thirties and the seventies. | |||
The first article illustrating this example is ''Sectoral Conflict and Foreign Economic Policy, 1914-1940'' written by Frieden on the US interwar policy.<ref>Frieden, Jeff. “Sectoral Conflict and Foreign Economic Policy, 1914-1940.” International Organization, vol. 42, no. 1, 1988, pp. 59–90. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/2706770.</ref> Frieden explained the conflict between isolationism and liberal internationalism in US foreign policy in general. Frieden says this is not about schools of thought within the American state apparatus or within the American party system. This was first and for most about a split within the US’s business community. In particular between the internationalised interests within the American capitalist class and the domestically oriented interests within the American capitalist class. He shows that throughout the twenties and the thirties there was a conflict between those two. Gradually the internationalised segment of the American capitalist class won the day because it gradually became more important in terms of the overall domestic economy. There was a crisis that crystallised the conflict between the two. Therefore throughout the second part of the thirties, the liberal internationalists gradually managed to take over the United States’ foreign policy. | |||
Helen Milner | Helen Milner published in 1988 ''Resisting protectionism: Global industries and the politics of international trade'' which is a study on protectionism versus free trade both in the interwar period and in the 1970s.<ref>Milner, Helen V. [https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691010748/resisting-protectionism Resisting protectionism: global industries and the politics of international trade]. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1988. Print.</ref> She shows that the conflict between protectionism and free trade had to do with the extent to which American cooperations in different sectors of the economy had become internationalised or not. Milner shows that first between the twenties and the seventies, the American economy's overall exposure to the international economy had gone up and explains why in the seventies protectionism did not prevail as opposed to the twenties overall. Then she shows that even within periods, the same distinction applies. Even in the twenties in that minority of sectors in which cooperation have already become transnational internationalised, free trade prevailed over protectionism. It is a very similar argument that Frieden puts forward that applied to trade policy, whereas Frieden has a broader scope. | ||
== Otros aspectos de la política interior == | == Otros aspectos de la política interior == |