Modification de Introduction to critical approaches to international relations
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We will deconstruct what we have learned, what is criticism a field and discipline? | We will deconstruct what we have learned, what is criticism a field and discipline? | ||
= Why a course on critical approaches? = | = Why a course on critical approaches? = | ||
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International relations as fields, disciples and objects is the result of conventions, forms of definitions. There are different perspectives on what "international relations" or "international" are, delineating a different subject of study. | International relations as fields, disciples and objects is the result of conventions, forms of definitions. There are different perspectives on what "international relations" or "international" are, delineating a different subject of study. | ||
These different perspectives are therefore part of a "constant interplay between the real world and the world of knowledge" [Brown 2005: 1]. For Brown, the real world around us is not just something that exists independent of us and that we have a footprint on. The approaches we have allow us to have different perspectives. Analytical glasses help to ask different questions. | These different perspectives are therefore part of a "constant interplay between the real world and the world of knowledge"[Brown 2005: 1]. For Brown, the real world around us is not just something that exists independent of us and that we have a footprint on. The approaches we have allow us to have different perspectives. Analytical glasses help to ask different questions. | ||
International relations are first of all a macro process as with States, then we begin to focus on increasingly micro | International relations are first of all a macro process as with States, then we begin to focus on increasingly micro processes. We look at the same complex reality from different angles. | ||
When Brown talks about a "constant game between the real world and the world of knowledge", if we want to understand why researchers want to understand the world in a certain way, it's not a question of purpose, there are interactions that come into play. This "game" is also an issue between the different actors of "international relations" as a field or discipline. | When Brown talks about a "constant game between the real world and the world of knowledge", if we want to understand why researchers want to understand the world in a certain way, it's not a question of purpose, there are interactions that come into play. This "game" is also an issue between the different actors of "international relations" as a field or discipline. | ||
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The dominant vision of this game is naturalizing and essentializing. In other words, the world around us has its own independence to which we can only have access externally. Typically, realists only look at the objectivity of the world, they see things as they are. Studies show that in foreign policy processes, if people share the same vision, they will be caught in this pattern. Thus there is an interaction between objective truth and perceptions that are part of a game. | The dominant vision of this game is naturalizing and essentializing. In other words, the world around us has its own independence to which we can only have access externally. Typically, realists only look at the objectivity of the world, they see things as they are. Studies show that in foreign policy processes, if people share the same vision, they will be caught in this pattern. Thus there is an interaction between objective truth and perceptions that are part of a game. | ||
= | = Les relations internationales comme champ = | ||
International relations are a "moving target". What we mean by international relations depends on the issues, people, institutions and questions that arise within a field. The challenge of the field is the phenomenon known as international facts. | International relations are a "moving target". What we mean by international relations depends on the issues, people, institutions and questions that arise within a field. The challenge of the field is the phenomenon known as international facts. | ||
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*global politics. | *global politics. | ||
= | = Les relations internationales comme discipline = | ||
A discipline is an agreement on a theoretical core of basic proposals on a subject of study, the field delimited by this core. The question of whether international relations is a discipline was asked by Kaplan in 1961: "It is more of an intellectual question or project than an affirmation". | A discipline is an agreement on a theoretical core of basic proposals on a subject of study, the field delimited by this core. The question of whether international relations is a discipline was asked by Kaplan in 1961: "It is more of an intellectual question or project than an affirmation". | ||
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*[http://classiques.uqac.ca/contemporains/dussouy_gerard/theories_rel_inter_tome_1/theories_rel_inter_t1_original.pdf Les théories géopolitiques Traité de Relations internationales (I)] - Gérard Dussouy, Pouvoirs comparés Collection dirigée par Michel Bergès Professeur de Science politique à l’Université Montesquieu de Bordeaux. | *[http://classiques.uqac.ca/contemporains/dussouy_gerard/theories_rel_inter_tome_1/theories_rel_inter_t1_original.pdf Les théories géopolitiques Traité de Relations internationales (I)] - Gérard Dussouy, Pouvoirs comparés Collection dirigée par Michel Bergès Professeur de Science politique à l’Université Montesquieu de Bordeaux. | ||
== | == Bibliographie == | ||
*Bourdieu, Pierre (1994) Raisons pratiques. Sur la théorie de l'action. Paris: Seuil. | *Bourdieu, Pierre (1994) Raisons pratiques. Sur la théorie de l'action. Paris: Seuil. | ||
*Brown, Chris with Kirsten Ainley (2005). Understanding International Relations. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 3rd ed. revised and updated. | *Brown, Chris with Kirsten Ainley (2005). Understanding International Relations. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 3rd ed. revised and updated. |