https://baripedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente 2026-04-27T07:55:32Z Historique des versions pour cette page sur le wiki MediaWiki 1.38.6 https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64200&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T14:15:45Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="fr"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Version précédente</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Version du 20 décembre 2023 à 16:15</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l8">Ligne 8 :</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Ligne 8 :</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| de = Das Konzept des Nahen Ostens</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| de = Das Konzept des Nahen Ostens</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ja = 中東の概念</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ja = 中東の概念</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ch = <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">当代中东：国家、民族和社区</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ch = <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">中东的概念</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> </table>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64185&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:56:41Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="fr"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Version précédente</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Version du 20 décembre 2023 à 15:56</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l7">Ligne 7 :</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Ligne 7 :</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| fr = Le concept de Moyen-Orient</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| fr = Le concept de Moyen-Orient</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| de = Das Konzept des Nahen Ostens</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| de = Das Konzept des Nahen Ostens</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ja = <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">現代の中東：国家・国家・地域社会</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ja = <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">中東の概念</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ch = 当代中东：国家、民族和社区</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ch = 当代中东：国家、民族和社区</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr> </table>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64168&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:25:25Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Annexes</span></span></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="fr"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Version précédente</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Version du 20 décembre 2023 à 15:25</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l141">Ligne 141 :</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Ligne 141 :</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Atualmente, estas mesmas características geográficas continuam a influenciar as questões contemporâneas. Os recursos hídricos tornaram-se pontos de discórdia cruciais nas relações internacionais, as terras férteis estão no centro das preocupações ambientais e as rotas comerciais históricas são objeto de debates sobre a globalização e a segurança. A geografia do Médio Oriente e das regiões adjacentes, com a sua diversidade e complexidade, continua a ser um fator determinante na dinâmica política, económica e social.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Atualmente, estas mesmas características geográficas continuam a influenciar as questões contemporâneas. Os recursos hídricos tornaram-se pontos de discórdia cruciais nas relações internacionais, as terras férteis estão no centro das preocupações ambientais e as rotas comerciais históricas são objeto de debates sobre a globalização e a segurança. A geografia do Médio Oriente e das regiões adjacentes, com a sua diversidade e complexidade, continua a ser um fator determinante na dinâmica política, económica e social.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Annexes </del>=</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Apêndices </ins>=</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Cleveland, William L., and Martin Bunton. [https://books.google.fr/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=O9JVDgAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PT8&amp;dq=what+is+middle+east&amp;ots=QjEa1kEZni&amp;sig=aoTua8NCxvqPOm9v0XDXoE3Q4fo#v=onepage&amp;q=what%20is%20middle%20east&amp;f=false A history of the modern Middle East]. Hachette UK, 2016.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Cleveland, William L., and Martin Bunton. [https://books.google.fr/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=O9JVDgAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PT8&amp;dq=what+is+middle+east&amp;ots=QjEa1kEZni&amp;sig=aoTua8NCxvqPOm9v0XDXoE3Q4fo#v=onepage&amp;q=what%20is%20middle%20east&amp;f=false A history of the modern Middle East]. Hachette UK, 2016.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Goldschmidt Jr, Arthur, and Aomar Boum. [https://books.google.fr/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=BMxVDgAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PT9&amp;dq=what+is+middle+east&amp;ots=wpuzt-17QA&amp;sig=DFenP0W8jsEl7_fwPhxLxPVCql8#v=onepage&amp;q=what%20is%20middle%20east&amp;f=false A concise history of the Middle East]. Hachette UK, 2015.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Goldschmidt Jr, Arthur, and Aomar Boum. [https://books.google.fr/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=BMxVDgAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PT9&amp;dq=what+is+middle+east&amp;ots=wpuzt-17QA&amp;sig=DFenP0W8jsEl7_fwPhxLxPVCql8#v=onepage&amp;q=what%20is%20middle%20east&amp;f=false A concise history of the Middle East]. Hachette UK, 2015.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l147">Ligne 147 :</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Ligne 147 :</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Little, Douglas. [https://books.google.fr/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=ry9LiMTykfkC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PR7&amp;dq=what+is+middle+east&amp;ots=7pM5t8cIlZ&amp;sig=45mBpDQ1c8AkChmLkR98EmXxR6I American orientalism: the United States and the Middle East since 1945]. Univ of North Carolina Press, 2008.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Little, Douglas. [https://books.google.fr/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=ry9LiMTykfkC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PR7&amp;dq=what+is+middle+east&amp;ots=7pM5t8cIlZ&amp;sig=45mBpDQ1c8AkChmLkR98EmXxR6I American orientalism: the United States and the Middle East since 1945]. Univ of North Carolina Press, 2008.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Références </del>=</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Referências </ins>=</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;references/&gt;</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;references/&gt;</div></td></tr> </table>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64167&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:25:08Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">A Etiópia e as suas relações históricas com o Médio Oriente</span></span></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="fr"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Version précédente</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Version du 20 décembre 2023 à 15:25</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l131">Ligne 131 :</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Ligne 131 :</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== A Etiópia e as suas relações históricas com o Médio Oriente ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== A Etiópia e as suas relações históricas com o Médio Oriente ===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">L'Éthiopie</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">située dans la Corne </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Afrique</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a des liens profonds avec le Moyen-Orient qui transcendent les frontières géographiques</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ces liens sont ancrés dans une histoire partagée </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">commerce</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">de religion et d'échanges culturels</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Historiquement</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Éthiopie était connue comme le royaume d'Abyssinie</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">un empire qui maintenait des relations avec les royaumes arabes et le Moyen-Orient depuis l'antiquité</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A Etiópia</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">situada no Corno </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">África</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tem laços profundos com o Médio Oriente que transcendem as fronteiras geográficas</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Estes laços estão enraizados numa história comum </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">comércio</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">religião e intercâmbio cultural</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Historicamente</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a Etiópia era conhecida como o Reino da Abissínia</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">um império que manteve relações com os reinos árabes e o Médio Oriente desde a antiguidade</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">L'Éthiopie est le foyer </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'une des plus anciennes traditions chrétiennes au monde</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Église orthodoxe éthiopienne</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">qui</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">selon la tradition</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a été établie au IVe siècle après J</del>.C. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Cette tradition religieuse partage certaines racines avec les traditions religieuses du Moyen-Orient</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">notamment le christianisme </del>oriental <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">et le judaïsme</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">L'histoire éthiopienne est également intimement liée à l'islam</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">avec l'un des premiers </del>hijras (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">exode</del>) <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">des musulmans persécutés </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">la Mecque vers l'Abyssinie</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">recherchant la protection du roi chrétien éthiopien de l'époque</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">un événement respecté dans la tradition islamique</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A Etiópia é o lar </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">uma das mais antigas tradições cristãs do mundo</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a Igreja Ortodoxa Etíope</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">que</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">segundo a tradição</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">foi criada no século IV d</ins>.C. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Esta tradição religiosa partilha certas raízes com as tradições religiosas do Médio Oriente</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">nomeadamente o cristianismo </ins>oriental <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">e o judaísmo</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A história da Etiópia está também intimamente ligada ao Islão</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tendo sido um dos primeiros </ins>hijras (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">êxodo</ins>) de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">muçulmanos perseguidos de Meca para a Abissínia</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">procurando a proteção do rei cristão etíope da época</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">um acontecimento respeitado pela tradição islâmica</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">La position de l'Éthiopie en tant que carrefour </del>entre <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Afrique et le Moyen-Orient est renforcée par sa proximité avec la péninsule Arabique</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">séparée seulement par la mer Rouge et le golfe d'</del>Aden. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Les échanges commerciaux ont longtemps traversé ces eaux</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">transportant des épices</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">de l'or et d'autres marchandises précieuses</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">facilitant ainsi un riche métissage de cultures et </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">peuples</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">En termes géopolitiques</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Éthiopie et la Corne </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Afrique sont devenues de plus en plus pertinentes pour la sécurité et la politique du Moyen</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Orient</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">notamment en raison des conflits régionaux et des problèmes </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sécurité maritime</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">De plus</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Éthiopie est un acteur clé dans la gestion des ressources en eau du Nil</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">un sujet de préoccupation majeure pour les pays en aval comme l'Égypte et le Soudan</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Dans le contexte actuel</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Éthiopie est confrontée à ses propres défis internes</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">y compris des tensions ethniques et politiques</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">mais son rôle dans la région continue d'être influencé par ses liens historiques et contemporains avec le Moyen-Orient</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ces connexions soulignent la nature interconnectée de la région et la manière dont les histoires </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">diverses nations sont entrelacées à travers le temps et l'espace</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A posição da Etiópia como encruzilhada </ins>entre <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">África e o Médio Oriente é reforçada pela sua proximidade da Península Arábica</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">separada apenas pelo Mar Vermelho e pelo Golfo de </ins>Aden. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Há muito que o comércio atravessa estas águas</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">transportando especiarias</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ouro e outras mercadorias preciosas</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">facilitando uma rica mistura </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">culturas e povos</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Em termos geopolíticos</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a Etiópia e o Corno </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">África tornaram</ins>-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">se cada vez mais importantes para a segurança e a política do Médio Oriente</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">nomeadamente devido aos conflitos regionais e às questões </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">segurança marítima</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Além disso, a Etiópia é um ator fundamental na gestão dos recursos hídricos do Nilo</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">o que constitui uma grande preocupação para os países a jusante</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">como o Egipto e o Sudão</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">No contexto atual</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a Etiópia enfrenta os seus próprios desafios internos</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">incluindo tensões étnicas e políticas</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">mas o seu papel na região continua a ser influenciado pelas suas ligações históricas e contemporâneas com o Médio Oriente</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Estas ligações sublinham a natureza interligada da região e a forma como as histórias </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">várias nações se entrelaçam no tempo e no espaço</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">La carte représentant le Moyen-Orient et ses régions environnantes dépeint une zone du monde où la géographie </del>a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">joué un rôle primordial dans le façonnement de l'histoire humaine</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Les déserts vastes et arides</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tels que le Sahara et le désert Arabique</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ont servi </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">barrières naturelles mais aussi </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">corridors </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">communication et d'échanges culturels</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">influençant les routes caravanières et les échanges </del>entre <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">les civilisations</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Les vallées fertiles du Croissant fertile</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">irriguées par les systèmes fluviaux légendaires du </del>Tigre <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">et de l'Euphrate</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ont vu naître l'agriculture et les premières </del>grandes <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">villes de l'histoire humaine</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ces terres riches ont non seulement favorisé le développement des premières civilisations urbaines mais ont également été le théâtre </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">nombreux conflits historiques en raison de leur </del>grande <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">valeur agricole et stratégique</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Les montagnes</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">comme celles </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">l'Atlas en Afrique du Nord et du </del>Taurus <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">en Anatolie</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ont servi </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">refuges et de forteresses naturelles tout au long de l'histoire</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">offrant protection et isolant les peuples et les cultures</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">permettant ainsi le développement </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">langues et de traditions uniques</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">En même temps</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">elles ont constitué des obstacles pour les armées en marche</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">modelant ainsi les stratégies militaires et les frontières des empires</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Quant aux centres urbains historiques qui parsèment cette région</del>, de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bagdad à Damas</del>, de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Jérusalem à Istanbul</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ils sont les témoins vivants des époques révolues</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ces villes</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">souvent établies en raison de leur situation géographique stratégique </del>ou de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">leur proximité avec l'eau et les terres fertiles</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ont été des centres </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">pouvoir</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">de commerce et de culture</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">influençant grandement l'évolution de la région</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">O mapa do Médio Oriente e das regiões circundantes representa uma área do mundo onde </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">geografia desempenhou um papel fundamental na formação da história humana</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Os vastos desertos áridos</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">como o Saara e o deserto da Arábia</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">serviram </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">barreiras naturais, mas também </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">corredores </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">comunicação e intercâmbio cultural</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">influenciando as rotas das caravanas e as trocas </ins>entre <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">civilizações</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Os vales férteis do Crescente Fértil</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">irrigados pelos lendários sistemas fluviais do </ins>Tigre <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">e do Eufrates</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">viram nascer a agricultura e as primeiras </ins>grandes <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cidades da história da humanidade</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Estas terras ricas não só favoreceram o desenvolvimento das primeiras civilizações urbanas, como também foram palco </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">muitos conflitos históricos devido ao seu </ins>grande <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">valor agrícola e estratégico</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">As montanhas</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">como as do Atlas, no Norte </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">África, e as do </ins>Taurus, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">na Anatólia, serviram </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">refúgios e fortalezas naturais ao longo da história</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">oferecendo proteção e isolando povos e culturas</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">permitindo o desenvolvimento </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">línguas e tradições únicas</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ao mesmo tempo</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">actuaram como obstáculos ao avanço dos exércitos</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">moldando as estratégias militares e as fronteiras dos impérios</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Quanto aos centros urbanos históricos que pontuam esta região</ins>, de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bagdade a Damasco</ins>, de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Jerusalém a Istambul</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">são testemunhas vivas de épocas passadas</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Estas cidades</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">muitas vezes estabelecidas devido à sua localização geográfica estratégica </ins>ou <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">à proximidade </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">água e terras férteis</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">foram centros </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">poder</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">comércio e cultura</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">influenciando grandemente a evolução da região</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Aujourd'hui</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ces mêmes caractéristiques géographiques continuent d'influencer les enjeux contemporains</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Les ressources en eau sont devenues des points </del>de <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">contention cruciaux dans les relations internationales</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">les terres fertiles sont au cœur des préoccupations environnementales et les itinéraires commerciaux historiques sont repris dans les débats sur la mondialisation et la sécurité</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">La géographie du Moyen-Orient et des régions </del>adjacentes, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">avec sa diversité et sa complexité</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">reste donc un facteur déterminant des dynamiques politiques</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">économiques et sociales</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Atualmente</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">estas mesmas características geográficas continuam a influenciar as questões contemporâneas</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Os recursos hídricos tornaram-se pontos </ins>de <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">discórdia cruciais nas relações internacionais</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as terras férteis estão no centro das preocupações ambientais e as rotas comerciais históricas são objeto de debates sobre a globalização e a segurança</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A geografia do Médio Oriente e das regiões </ins>adjacentes, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">com a sua diversidade e complexidade</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">continua a ser um fator determinante na dinâmica política</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">económica e social</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Annexes =</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Annexes =</div></td></tr> </table>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64166&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:22:36Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Le Maghreb : Carrefour de civilisations et de terrains</span></span></p> <a href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&amp;diff=64166&amp;oldid=64165">Voir les modifications</a>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64165&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:19:41Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">A concetualização do &quot;Médio Oriente&quot; como uma região distinta</span></span></p> <a href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&amp;diff=64165&amp;oldid=64164">Voir les modifications</a>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64164&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:17:07Z

<p></p> <a href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&amp;diff=64164&amp;oldid=64163">Voir les modifications</a>

Arthur https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&diff=64163&oldid=prev 2023-12-20T13:16:23Z

<p>Page créée avec « Basado en un curso de Yilmaz Özcan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.unige.ch/lettres/istge/corps-enseignant/hco/yilmaz/ Yilmaz Özcan] - [https://www.unige.ch/ UNIGE]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cairn.info/publications-de-Yilmaz-%C3%96zcan--97425.htm Yilmaz Özcan] - [https://www.cairn.info/ Cairn.info]&lt;/ref&gt; {{Translations | en = The concept of the Middle East | es = El concepto de Oriente Medio | it = Il concetto di Medio Oriente | fr = Le concept de Moyen-Orient | de = Das Konz... »</p> <a href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=O_conceito_de_M%C3%A9dio_Oriente&amp;diff=64163">Voir les modifications</a>

Arthur