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	<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour</id>
	<title>Introduction to political behaviour - Historique des versions</title>
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	<updated>2026-04-12T01:45:12Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58919&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur le 7 juillet 2023 à 09:48</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58919&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-07-07T09:48:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Version précédente&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Version du 7 juillet 2023 à 11:48&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l11&quot;&gt;Ligne 11 :&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Ligne 11 :&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{hidden&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{hidden&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|[[Introduction to Political Science]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|[[Introduction to Political Science]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La pensée sociale d'&lt;/del&gt;Émile Durkheim &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et &lt;/del&gt;Pierre Bourdieu]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Aux origines de la chute de la République de &lt;/del&gt;Weimar]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La pensée sociale de &lt;/del&gt;Max Weber &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et &lt;/del&gt;Vilfredo Pareto]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La &lt;/del&gt;notion &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de « &lt;/del&gt;concept &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;» en &lt;/del&gt;sciences&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-sociales&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Histoire de la &lt;/del&gt;discipline &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de la &lt;/del&gt;science &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;politique &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;théories et conceptions&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Marxisme et Structuralisme&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fonctionnalisme et Systémisme&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Interactionnisme et Constructivisme&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Les théories de l’anthropologie politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Le débat des trois &lt;/del&gt;I : &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;intérêts&lt;/del&gt;, institutions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et idées&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La théorie du choix rationnel et l'analyse des intérêts en &lt;/del&gt;science &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Approche analytique des &lt;/del&gt;institutions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;en &lt;/del&gt;science &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;politique&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L'étude des idées et idéologies dans la &lt;/del&gt;science &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Les théories de la guerre en &lt;/del&gt;science &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La Guerre &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;conceptions et évolutions&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La raison d’État&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;État&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;souveraineté&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mondialisation, gouvernance multiniveaux&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Les théories de la &lt;/del&gt;violence &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;en science politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[Welfare State &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et biopouvoir&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Analyse des régimes démocratiques et des processus de démocratisation&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Systèmes Électoraux &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Mécanismes&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Enjeux et Conséquences&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Le système de gouvernement des démocraties&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Morphologie des &lt;/del&gt;contestations]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L’action dans la théorie politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[Introduction &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;à la politique suisse&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[Introduction &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;au comportement politique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Analyse des Politiques Publiques &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;définition et &lt;/del&gt;cycle &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;d'une politique publique&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Analyse des Politiques Publiques &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mise à l'&lt;/del&gt;agenda &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et &lt;/del&gt;formulation]] ● [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Analyse des Politiques Publiques &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mise en œuvre et évaluation&lt;/del&gt;]] ● [[Introduction &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;à la sous&lt;/del&gt;-discipline &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;des &lt;/del&gt;relations &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;internationales&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Intellectual legacy of &lt;/ins&gt;Émile Durkheim &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;Pierre Bourdieu &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in social theory&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The origins of the fall of the &lt;/ins&gt;Weimar &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Republic&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Intellectual legacy of &lt;/ins&gt;Max Weber &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;Vilfredo Pareto &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in social theory&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &lt;/ins&gt;notion &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of &amp;quot;&lt;/ins&gt;concept&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;quot; in social &lt;/ins&gt;sciences]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;History of the &lt;/ins&gt;discipline &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of political &lt;/ins&gt;science: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;theories and concepts&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Marxism and Structuralism&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Functionalism and Systemism&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Interactionism and Constructivism&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The theories of political anthropology&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The three &lt;/ins&gt;I&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'s debate&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;interests&lt;/ins&gt;, institutions &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and ideas&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Rational choice theory and the analysis of interests in political &lt;/ins&gt;science]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;An analytical approach to &lt;/ins&gt;institutions &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in political &lt;/ins&gt;science]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The study of ideas and ideologies in political &lt;/ins&gt;science]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Theories of war in political &lt;/ins&gt;science]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The War&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Concepts and Evolutions&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The reason of State&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;State&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sovereignty&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;globalization and multi-level governance&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Theories of &lt;/ins&gt;violence &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in political science‎‎&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[Welfare State &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and Biopower&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Analysis of democratic regimes and democratisation processes&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Electoral Systems&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Mechanisms&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Issues and Consequences&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The system of government in democracies&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Morphology of &lt;/ins&gt;contestations]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Action in Political Theory&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[Introduction &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to Swiss politics&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[Introduction &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to political behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Public Policy Analysis&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Definition and &lt;/ins&gt;cycle &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of public policy&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Public Policy Analysis&lt;/ins&gt;: agenda &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;setting and &lt;/ins&gt;formulation]] ● [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Public Policy Analysis&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Implementation and Evaluation&lt;/ins&gt;]] ● [[Introduction &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to the sub&lt;/ins&gt;-discipline &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of international &lt;/ins&gt;relations&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] ● [[Introduction to Political Theory&lt;/ins&gt;]]  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|style=text-align:center;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|style=text-align:center;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58282&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Comparative analysis */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58282&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:56:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Comparative analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;amp;diff=58282&amp;amp;oldid=58281&quot;&gt;Voir les modifications&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58281&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Innovations Méthodologiques dans l'Étude du Comportement de Vote */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58281&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:46:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Innovations Méthodologiques dans l&amp;#039;Étude du Comportement de Vote&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;amp;diff=58281&amp;amp;oldid=58280&quot;&gt;Voir les modifications&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58280&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Limitations des Modèles Classiques d'Explication du Vote */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58280&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:40:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Limitations des Modèles Classiques d&amp;#039;Explication du Vote&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;amp;diff=58280&amp;amp;oldid=58279&quot;&gt;Voir les modifications&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58279&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Le Modèle du Choix Rationnel */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58279&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:37:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Le Modèle du Choix Rationnel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;amp;diff=58279&amp;amp;oldid=58278&quot;&gt;Voir les modifications&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58278&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Le Modèle Psychosociologique */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58278&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:37:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Le Modèle Psychosociologique&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58277&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* The Socio-structural Model */</title>
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		<updated>2023-06-29T13:36:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;The Socio-structural Model&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
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		<title>Arthur : /* Questions Fréquentes dans l'Étude du Comportement Politique */</title>
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		<updated>2023-06-29T13:30:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Questions Fréquentes dans l&amp;#039;Étude du Comportement Politique&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Version précédente&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Version du 29 juin 2023 à 15:30&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l73&quot;&gt;Ligne 73 :&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Ligne 73 :&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Conventional political behaviour embodies citizen involvement through institutional channels. This includes taking part in elections, signing petitions or collecting signatures to launch initiatives or referendums. These actions are the traditional expression of political involvement. They involve the official mechanisms that the political system has put in place to enable citizens to express their opinions and participate in decision-making. However, not all citizens limit themselves to these forms of political expression. For some, these institutional channels may seem insufficient to express their demands or achieve their political objectives fully. This is where unconventional political behaviour comes in. Unconventional political behaviour occurs when citizens go beyond traditional institutional frameworks to make their voices heard. Demonstrations, strikes, occupations and boycotts all fall into this category. These tactics are often employed when citizens feel the need to highlight unresolved issues, stimulate debate and exert more direct pressure for political change. Both types of behaviour play crucial roles in a democratic society. Conventional actions enable democratic institutions to function smoothly. At the same time, unconventional actions can highlight deeper issues, stimulate discussion and catalyse political change.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Conventional political behaviour embodies citizen involvement through institutional channels. This includes taking part in elections, signing petitions or collecting signatures to launch initiatives or referendums. These actions are the traditional expression of political involvement. They involve the official mechanisms that the political system has put in place to enable citizens to express their opinions and participate in decision-making. However, not all citizens limit themselves to these forms of political expression. For some, these institutional channels may seem insufficient to express their demands or achieve their political objectives fully. This is where unconventional political behaviour comes in. Unconventional political behaviour occurs when citizens go beyond traditional institutional frameworks to make their voices heard. Demonstrations, strikes, occupations and boycotts all fall into this category. These tactics are often employed when citizens feel the need to highlight unresolved issues, stimulate debate and exert more direct pressure for political change. Both types of behaviour play crucial roles in a democratic society. Conventional actions enable democratic institutions to function smoothly. At the same time, unconventional actions can highlight deeper issues, stimulate discussion and catalyse political change.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Questions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fréquentes dans l'Étude du Comportement Politique &lt;/del&gt;=&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Frequently Asked &lt;/ins&gt;Questions &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in the Study of Political Behaviour &lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L'étude du comportement politique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;que ce soit en Suisse ou à l'étranger&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;peut se concentrer sur plusieurs questions clés.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The study of political behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;whether in Switzerland or abroad&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;can focus &lt;/ins&gt;on &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;several key &lt;/ins&gt;questions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''L'effet de l'âge sur la participation politique''' : Plusieurs études ont démontré que l'âge a un effet significatif sur la participation politique. Cet effet n'est pas seulement dû au vieillissement, mais aussi au parcours de vie de l'individu et à son appartenance à une certaine génération. La question se pose alors : comment ces facteurs influencent-ils le comportement électoral ? Qu'est-ce qui incite certaines personnes âgées à voter davantage ou moins que d'autres ? Ce sont là des questions clés pour comprendre comment l'âge et le parcours de vie influencent la participation politique.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''L'engagement dans les mouvements sociaux''' : Une autre question cruciale dans l'étude du comportement politique concerne l'engagement dans les mouvements sociaux. Pourquoi certaines personnes choisissent-elles de s'engager dans ces mouvements, tandis que d'autres ne le font pas ? Est-ce que certains individus sont plus enclins à l'engagement dans l'action collective que d'autres ? Et si oui, quels sont ces traits ou facteurs individuels qui prédisposent certains individus à s'engager dans l'action collective et dans les mouvements sociaux ?&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''Les déterminants individuels du comportement électoral''' : Pour comprendre les tendances de vote et les variations d'une élection à l'autre, les chercheurs étudient les déterminants individuels du comportement électoral. Cela comprend des facteurs tels que l'âge, la classe sociale, l'éducation, le genre, la religion, l'origine ethnique et les valeurs politiques. L'objectif est d'identifier des régularités et des motifs dans le comportement de vote. Par exemple, quelles sont les caractéristiques personnelles qui font qu'un individu est plus susceptible de voter pour un parti conservateur plutôt que pour un parti progressiste ? Comprendre ces déterminants individuels peut aider à prédire les résultats des élections et à cibler les efforts de mobilisation des électeurs. &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''L'essor des partis populistes de droite en Europe''' : Une autre question clé dans l'étude du comportement politique est l'essor des partis populistes de droite en Europe. Ces partis, comme l'Union Démocratique du Centre (UDC) en Suisse, ont gagné du terrain dans de nombreux pays. Quels facteurs expliquent cet essor ? Les causes sont-elles les mêmes dans différents pays ou chaque pays a-t-il sa propre dynamique ? Les chercheurs cherchent à déceler des régularités qui pourraient aider à comprendre cette tendance politique et à anticiper son évolution future. &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''L'influence de l'engagement associatif sur l'intégration des étrangers''' : L'engagement dans des associations est souvent considéré comme un facteur favorisant l'intégration sociale et politique des étrangers. Des chercheurs comme Marco Giugni et Matteo Gianni tentent de vérifier cette hypothèse en étudiant l'effet de l'engagement associatif sur le niveau et le type d'intégration des étrangers résidant en Suisse. Ils cherchent à déterminer si l'insertion associative peut constituer un modèle efficace d'intégration pour ces populations. &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''L'impact des modèles de citoyenneté sur la mobilisation des immigrés''' : D'un pays à l'autre, les modèles de citoyenneté varient grandement. Certains pays privilégient le droit du sol (la nationalité est déterminée par le lieu de naissance), tandis que d'autres se basent sur le droit du sang (la nationalité est déterminée par celle des parents). De plus, certains pays ont des politiques d'intégration plus libérales que d'autres. Ces variations peuvent-elles avoir un impact sur le niveau de mobilisation politique des immigrés ? Cette question fait l'objet de recherches internationales visant à évaluer l'effet des différents modèles de citoyenneté sur l'engagement politique des immigrés. &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*'''L'influence des campagnes électorales et des médias sur la formation des opinions avant une élection ou une votation''' : Il s'agit ici d'une perspective dynamique où l'&lt;/del&gt;on &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;se concentre sur comment les électeurs forment leur opinion avant un vote ou une élection. Le rôle des campagnes électorales et des médias dans ce processus est crucial. Certaines personnes peuvent avoir une opinion préconçue et savoir dès le début pour qui ou pour quoi elles vont voter, de sorte que la campagne électorale n'a que peu d'influence sur leur décision finale. Dans ce cas, les campagnes électorales agiraient principalement comme des confirmations des croyances existantes. Cependant, dans d'autres cas, les campagnes peuvent jouer un rôle considérable dans la formation de l'opinion. Par exemple, elles peuvent informer les électeurs sur des enjeux dont ils n'avaient pas connaissance auparavant, elles peuvent mettre en évidence des aspects spécifiques de la personnalité des candidats ou elles peuvent changer la perception des électeurs sur des &lt;/del&gt;questions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;clés. Dans ce contexte, les médias jouent également un rôle crucial. Par leur couverture des campagnes, ils peuvent influencer l'agenda public et, par conséquent, les questions qui sont jugées importantes par les électeurs. De plus, par leur manière de présenter les candidats et les enjeux, ils peuvent également influencer les perceptions des électeurs. Dans l'ensemble, l'étude de l'influence des campagnes électorales et des médias sur la formation des opinions est un domaine complexe et multidimensionnel du comportement politique&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Nous allons laisser de côté le comportement politique non&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;conventionnel et nous focaliser sur le comportement politique conventionnel&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* The effect of age on political participation: Several studies have shown that age has a significant effect on political participation. This effect is not only due to ageing, but also to the individual's life course and membership of a certain generation. The question then arises: how do these factors influence electoral behaviour? What makes some older people vote more or less than others? These are key questions for understanding how age and life course influence political participation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Involvement in social movements: Another crucial question in the study of political behaviour concerns involvement in social movements. Why do some people choose to get involved in these movements, while others do not? Are some individuals more inclined to engage in collective action than others? And if so, what are the individual traits or factors that predispose certain individuals to get involved in collective action and social movements?&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Individual determinants of voting behaviour: To understand voting patterns and variations from one election to the next, researchers study the individual determinants of voting behaviour. This includes factors such as age, social class, education, gender, religion, ethnic origin and political values. The aim is to identify regularities and patterns in voting behaviour. For example, what personal characteristics make an individual more likely to vote for a conservative party than a progressive one? Understanding these individual determinants can help predict election results and target voter mobilisation efforts.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* The rise of right&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;wing populist parties in Europe: Another key issue in the study of political behaviour is the rise of right-wing populist parties in Europe. These parties, such as the Union Démocratique du Centre (UDC) in Switzerland, have gained ground in many countries. What factors explain this rise? Are the causes the same in different countries, or does each country have its own dynamic? Researchers are looking for patterns that could help us to understand this political trend and anticipate its future development.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* The influence of involvement in associations on the integration of foreigners: Involvement in associations is often seen as a factor that promotes the social and political integration of foreigners. Researchers such as Marco Giugni and Matteo Gianni are attempting to verify this hypothesis by studying the effect of associative involvement on the level and type of integration of foreigners living in Switzerland. They are seeking to determine whether associative integration can constitute an effective model of integration for these populations.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*The impact of citizenship models on the mobilisation of immigrants: Citizenship models vary greatly from one country to another. Some countries favour jus soli (nationality is determined by place of birth), while others are based on jus sanguinis (nationality is determined by that of the parents). In addition, some countries have more liberal integration policies than others. Can these variations have an impact on the level of political mobilisation of immigrants? This question is the subject of international research aimed at assessing the effect of different models of citizenship on immigrants' political involvement.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*The influence of electoral campaigns and the media on the formation of opinions prior to an election or vote: This is a dynamic perspective focusing on how voters form their opinions prior to a vote or election. The role of election campaigns and the media in this process is crucial. Some people may have a preconceived opinion and know from the outset who or what they are going to vote for, so that the election campaign has little influence on their final decision. In this case, election campaigns would act mainly as confirmations of existing beliefs. However, in other cases, campaigns can play a considerable role in opinion formation. For example, they can inform voters about issues of which they were previously unaware, they can highlight specific aspects of candidates' personalities, or they can change voters' perceptions of key issues. In this context, the media also play a crucial role. Through their coverage of campaigns, they can influence the public agenda and, consequently, the issues that voters consider important. Moreover, through the way they present candidates and issues, they can also influence voters' perceptions. Overall, the study of the influence of election campaigns and the media on opinion formation is a complex and multidimensional area of political behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= Trois Modèles Dominants d'Explication du Comportement de Vote =&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;We will leave aside unconventional political behaviour and focus on conventional political behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Le domaine de l'étude du comportement électoral compte trois grandes théories traditionnelles qui ont vu le jour au début du XXe siècle ou au cours de sa première moitié. Ces théories ont donc plus d'un demi-siècle d'existence, ce qui justifie leur qualification de &amp;quot;classiques&amp;quot; dans le domaine de l'explication du vote. Cela dit, avec le temps, des modèles plus récents ont émergé pour expliquer le comportement électoral. Néanmoins, il est crucial de commencer par comprendre ces théories classiques car elles continuent d'être des références majeures pour comprendre le vote&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Le domaine du comportement politique est relativement récent&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sa naissance étant intimement liée à la disponibilité des données&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Les sondages d'opinion, qui ont fait leur apparition entre les années 1920 et 1940&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ont permis une approche plus individualisée de l'étude du comportement politique&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Avant cela, l'étude se basait principalement sur des données agrégées&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;telles que les résultats d'élections ou de votations par canton ou par commune. On examinait donc la distribution des résultats au niveau communal ou cantonal. L'absence de données de sondage pour une longue période a limité la possibilité d'étudier le comportement politique à un niveau individuel&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;c'est-à-dire d'examiner chaque individu de manière distincte&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cette situation explique pourquoi le champ d'étude du comportement politique, tel que nous le connaissons aujourd'hui&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a vu le jour relativement tardivement&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;principalement à partir des années 1945 et 1950&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= Three Dominant Models for Explaining Voting Behaviour =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;There are three main traditional theories in the study of electoral behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;which emerged at the beginning of the twentieth century or during its first half&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;These theories have therefore been around for more than half a century&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;which justifies their classification as &amp;quot;classic&amp;quot; in the field of explaining voting&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;That said&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;over time&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;more recent models have emerged to explain electoral behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Nevertheless&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;it is crucial to begin by understanding these classical theories&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as they continue to be major references for understanding voting&lt;/ins&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Le Modèle &lt;/del&gt;Socio-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Structurel &lt;/del&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The field of political behaviour is relatively recent, its birth being intimately linked to the availability of data. Opinion polls, which appeared between the 1920s and 1940s, enabled a more individualised approach to the study of political behaviour. Prior to this, the study was mainly based on aggregate data, such as the results of elections or votes by canton or municipality. The distribution of results at municipal or cantonal level was therefore examined. The absence of survey data for a long period limited the possibility of studying political behaviour at an individual level, i.e. examining each individual separately. This situation explains why the field of study of political behaviour, as we know it today, emerged relatively late, mainly from the years 1945 and 1950 onwards.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &lt;/ins&gt;Socio-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;structural Model &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Article détaillé|Les modèles explicatifs du vote{{!}}Modèle sociologique}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Article détaillé|Les modèles explicatifs du vote{{!}}Modèle sociologique}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58274&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Le comportement politique non-conventionnel */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58274&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:28:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Le comportement politique non-conventionnel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;amp;diff=58274&amp;amp;oldid=58273&quot;&gt;Voir les modifications&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58273&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Arthur : /* Conventional political behaviour */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://baripedia.org/index.php?title=Introduction_to_political_behaviour&amp;diff=58273&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-06-29T13:27:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Conventional political behaviour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Version précédente&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Version du 29 juin 2023 à 15:27&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l24&quot;&gt;Ligne 24 :&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Ligne 24 :&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Conventional political behaviour ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Conventional political behaviour ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Le comportement politique conventionnel&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;aussi appelé comportement électoral&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;se focalise principalement sur les &lt;/del&gt;actions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et les décisions des électeurs lors des élections&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ce domaine d'étude comprend deux &lt;/del&gt;aspects &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;principaux &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;la &lt;/del&gt;participation &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;électorale et les choix de vote&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Conventional political behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;also known as electoral behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;focuses primarily on the &lt;/ins&gt;actions &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and decisions of voters during elections&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;There are two main &lt;/ins&gt;aspects &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to this field of study&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;electoral &lt;/ins&gt;participation &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and voting choices&lt;/ins&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Participation électorale &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Il s'agit d'examiner qui choisit de participer aux élections et qui choisit de s'abstenir&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ainsi que les raisons de ces choix&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Les facteurs qui peuvent influencer la participation électorale comprennent l'âge&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le niveau d'éducation&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le statut &lt;/del&gt;socio-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;économique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;l'&lt;/del&gt;engagement &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;civique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le sentiment d'efficacité politique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;l'intérêt pour la politique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et bien d'autres&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Des facteurs institutionnels&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;tels que la facilité de vote et le &lt;/del&gt;type &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de système électoral&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;peuvent également jouer un rôle&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Electoral participation&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This involves examining who chooses to participate in elections and who chooses to abstain&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as well as the reasons for these choices&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Factors that can influence voter turnout include age&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;education&lt;/ins&gt;, socio-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;economic status&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;civic &lt;/ins&gt;engagement, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sense of political efficacy&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;interest in politics&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and many others&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Institutional factors&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;such as the ease of voting and the &lt;/ins&gt;type &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of electoral system&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;may also play a role&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Choix de &lt;/del&gt;vote &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;: Ce domaine explore pour qui ou pour quoi les gens votent&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cela peut être influencé par des facteurs tels que l'idéologie politique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;l'appartenance à un groupe&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;l'évaluation du gouvernement ou des candidats en place&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;les questions de politique spécifiques&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et les &lt;/del&gt;perceptions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de la compétence des candidats&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;parmi d'autres choses&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Voting choice: This area explores who or what people &lt;/ins&gt;vote &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This can be influenced by factors such as political ideology&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;group membership&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;evaluation of the government or incumbents&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;specific policy issues&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;perceptions &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of the competence of candidates&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;among other things&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;En combinant ces deux &lt;/del&gt;aspects - &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;qui &lt;/del&gt;vote &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et comment ils votent &lt;/del&gt;- &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;les chercheurs peuvent avoir une image plus complète du comportement électoral&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cette &lt;/del&gt;information &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;peut ensuite être utilisée pour comprendre les tendances électorales&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;prédire les résultats des élections&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et informer les &lt;/del&gt;efforts &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;pour augmenter la participation électorale et l'&lt;/del&gt;engagement &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;civique&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;By combining these two &lt;/ins&gt;aspects - &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;who votes and how they &lt;/ins&gt;vote - &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;researchers can get a more complete picture of electoral behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This &lt;/ins&gt;information &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;can then be used to understand electoral trends&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;predict election results&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and inform &lt;/ins&gt;efforts &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to increase voter turnout and civic &lt;/ins&gt;engagement.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L'étude du comportement électoral&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;qui est une facette importante du comportement politique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;se concentre principalement sur ces trois &lt;/del&gt;questions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;fondamentales &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;qui &lt;/del&gt;vote&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, comment ils votent et pourquoi ils votent de cette façon&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The study of voting behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;which is an important facet of political behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;focuses primarily on these three fundamental &lt;/ins&gt;questions: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;who votes, how they &lt;/ins&gt;vote &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and why they vote the way they do&lt;/ins&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Qui vote &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cela consiste à examiner les caractéristiques des électeurs&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;telles que l'âge&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le sexe&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le niveau d'éducation&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;la classe &lt;/del&gt;socio-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;économique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;la &lt;/del&gt;race &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ou l'origine ethnique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et d'autres facteurs démographiques&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cela peut également impliquer l'examen des facteurs institutionnels qui peuvent influencer la participation&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;comme les lois sur l'inscription des électeurs&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le &lt;/del&gt;type &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de scrutin&lt;/del&gt;, etc.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Who votes&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This involves examining the characteristics of voters&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;such as age&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;gender&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;level of education&lt;/ins&gt;, socio-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;economic class&lt;/ins&gt;, race &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;or ethnic origin&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and other demographic factors&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;It may also involve examining institutional factors that may influence turnout&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;such as voter registration laws&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;type &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of ballot&lt;/ins&gt;, etc.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Comment ils votent &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cela implique de regarder pour qui ou pour quoi les gens votent&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Par exemple&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;votent-ils pour un parti politique particulier&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;un candidat spécifique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ou en fonction d'un enjeu spécifique &lt;/del&gt;?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;How they vote&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This involves looking at who or what people vote for&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;For example&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;do they vote for a particular political party&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a specific candidate&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;or based on a specific issue&lt;/ins&gt;?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Pourquoi ils votent de cette façon &lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;C'est l'étape où les chercheurs tentent d&lt;/del&gt;'&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;expliquer les motivations derrière les choix de vote des individus&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cela peut inclure l'examen des &lt;/del&gt;attitudes &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et des croyances politiques&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;des &lt;/del&gt;affiliations &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;partisanes&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;des &lt;/del&gt;perceptions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;des candidats et des enjeux&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;des &lt;/del&gt;conditions &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;économiques&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et d'autres facteurs&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Why they vote the way they do&lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This is the stage where researchers try to explain the motivations behind people&lt;/ins&gt;'&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s voting choices&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This can include examining political &lt;/ins&gt;attitudes &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and beliefs&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;party &lt;/ins&gt;affiliations, perceptions &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of candidates and issues&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;economic &lt;/ins&gt;conditions, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and other factors&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L'étude de ces trois questions peut aider à comprendre non seulement les résultats d'une élection spécifique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mais aussi les tendances électorales plus larges&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le fonctionnement de la démocratie&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;et comment divers facteurs peuvent influencer le processus électoral&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Comme son nom l’indique&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;le comportement électoral fait référence aux élections donc on étudie le comportement aux élections&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;qui vote&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;qui vote&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;pour quel parti et pour quel candidat&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Studying these three issues can help to understand not only the results of a specific election&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;but also broader electoral trends&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;how democracy works&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and how various factors can influence the electoral process&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;As the name suggests&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;electoral behaviour refers to elections&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;so we study behaviour at elections&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;who votes&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;for which party and which candidate&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;La Suisse est &lt;/del&gt;unique &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;en ce sens qu'elle pratique un système de démocratie directe&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;où les citoyens ont le pouvoir de voter non seulement sur les représentants politiques&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mais aussi sur les politiques publiques spécifiques&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;les propositions de loi et les réformes politiques&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Cela ajoute une autre &lt;/del&gt;dimension &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;à l'étude du comportement électoral&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Bien que les élections représentatives &lt;/del&gt;(&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;c'est-à-dire le vote pour les candidats ou les partis politiques&lt;/del&gt;) &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;soient le &lt;/del&gt;type &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de vote le plus couramment étudié en termes de comportement électoral&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;l'analyse de la démocratie directe&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;comme les votations populaires en Suisse&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;peut apporter des perspectives uniques et précieuses&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;En appliquant les méthodes d'étude du comportement électoral aux votations populaires&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;les chercheurs peuvent obtenir des informations précieuses sur la manière dont les citoyens interagissent avec des questions politiques spécifiques et directes&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;fournissant ainsi une image plus complète du paysage politique suisse et de la démocratie directe en &lt;/del&gt;action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Switzerland is &lt;/ins&gt;unique &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in that it has a system of direct democracy&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;where citizens have the power to vote not only on political representatives&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;but also on specific public policies&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;proposed legislation and policy reforms&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This adds another &lt;/ins&gt;dimension &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to the study of electoral behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Although representative elections &lt;/ins&gt;(&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;i.e. voting for candidates or political parties&lt;/ins&gt;) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;are the most commonly studied &lt;/ins&gt;type &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of voting in terms of electoral behaviour&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the analysis of direct democracy&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;such as popular votes in Switzerland&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;can provide unique and valuable insights&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;By applying methods for studying voting behaviour to popular votes&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;researchers can gain valuable insights into how citizens interact with specific and direct political issues&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;providing a more complete picture of the Swiss political landscape and direct democracy in &lt;/ins&gt;action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Le comportement politique non-conventionnel ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Le comportement politique non-conventionnel ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Arthur</name></author>
	</entry>
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