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=The concept of the Middle East=
=中东的概念=
   
   
There is a "Middle East" only according to a given point, i.e. with a European point of view. This notion appeared in 1902, when Sir Thomas Edward Gordon used it in an article. In fact, in 1842, Alfred Tayer Mahan used it for the first time in the form of "Middle East". Valentin Chirol, head of the foreign affairs department at the New York Times, popularized the concept through his articles. None of them defines precisely, except the "Great Game": Central Asia as a British and Russian issue. The intermediate zone between the "Far East" and the "Near East" is thus understood as the "Middle East".
只有根据特定的观点,即以欧洲人的观点,才有 "中东"。这个概念出现在1902年,当时托马斯-爱德华-戈登爵士在一篇文章中使用了这个概念。事实上,1842年,阿尔弗雷德-塔耶-马汉第一次以 "中东 "的形式使用了它。纽约时报》外事部主任瓦伦丁-基洛尔(Valentin Chirol)通过他的文章普及了这个概念。除了 "大博弈",没有一个准确的定义。中亚作为英俄之间的问题。因此,"远东 ""近东 "之间的中间地带被理解为 "中东"
   
   
=Middle East, Near East and Greater Middle East=
=Middle East, Near East and Greater Middle East=
At the end of the First World War, money orders were distributed to the British, then based in India. During the Second World War, all the fighting that took place in the Balkans, Africa, etc. was called "Middle East", the term "Near East" disappeared. The arrival of the Americans on the territory with the development of a "Middle East Institute" reinforces the concept (and is the promise of a growing interest in this region). With the Cold War, the "Greater Middle East" appears (from Western Sahara to India and as far as Ethiopia).
一战结束时,汇票是发给英国人的,当时以印度为基地。二战期间,发生在巴尔干、非洲等地的战斗都被称为 "中东""近东 "一词消失了。美国人来到这片土地上,随着 "中东研究所 "的发展,强化了这个概念(也是对这一地区的兴趣越来越浓的承诺)。随着冷战,"大中东 "出现了(从西撒哈拉到印度,最远到埃塞俄比亚)。


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Despite the popularization of the term, Winston Churchill regrets this proliferation, which does not designate the same extent. At the UN, we talk about "Western Asia". On the other hand, the old designations have not disappeared: Maghreb, Mashrek, Anatolia, Mesopotamia (until 1921), the Fertile Crescent ...
尽管这个词已经普及了,但温斯顿-丘吉尔还是对这种泛滥表示遗憾,因为它并没有指代同样的程度。在联合国,我们谈论的是 "西亚"。另一方面,旧有的称谓并没有消失。马格里布、马什雷克、安纳托利亚、美索不达米亚(直到1921年)、肥沃的新月...........


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Version du 11 mai 2020 à 19:52


中东的概念

只有根据特定的观点,即以欧洲人的观点,才有 "中东"。这个概念出现在1902年,当时托马斯-爱德华-戈登爵士在一篇文章中使用了这个概念。事实上,1842年,阿尔弗雷德-塔耶-马汉第一次以 "中东 "的形式使用了它。纽约时报》外事部主任瓦伦丁-基洛尔(Valentin Chirol)通过他的文章普及了这个概念。除了 "大博弈",没有一个准确的定义。中亚作为英俄之间的问题。因此,"远东 "与 "近东 "之间的中间地带被理解为 "中东"。

Middle East, Near East and Greater Middle East

一战结束时,汇票是发给英国人的,当时以印度为基地。二战期间,发生在巴尔干、非洲等地的战斗都被称为 "中东","近东 "一词消失了。美国人来到这片土地上,随着 "中东研究所 "的发展,强化了这个概念(也是对这一地区的兴趣越来越浓的承诺)。随着冷战,"大中东 "出现了(从西撒哈拉到印度,最远到埃塞俄比亚)。

尽管这个词已经普及了,但温斯顿-丘吉尔还是对这种泛滥表示遗憾,因为它并没有指代同样的程度。在联合国,我们谈论的是 "西亚"。另一方面,旧有的称谓并没有消失。马格里布、马什雷克、安纳托利亚、美索不达米亚(直到1921年)、肥沃的新月...........。

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