Version actuelle datée du 20 juillet 2023 à 15:10

Based on a lesson by Ludovic Tournès^[1]^[2]^[3]

Languages

The study of international relations extends far beyond the simple analysis of interactions between nations. It delves deep into history, exploring the shifting power dynamics, ambitions and tensions that have shaped our world. This course offers a comprehensive introduction to the international issues that have shaped history from the nineteenth century to the present day.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the world was dominated by great empires. The emerging and evolving international system was shaped by the balance of power between these entities. These balances, however, were constantly being challenged, not least by the shifting alliances and persistent tensions between the major powers. The advent of the Industrial Revolution amplified these tensions, transforming economic power into military might and exacerbating colonial and imperial ambitions.

Colonisation, with its complex processes and varied motivations, has left an indelible mark on world history. As colonial powers extended their influence, colonised territories were often marked by resistance and anti-colonial movements. However, the twentieth century was profoundly marked by two world wars. These conflicts not only redefined borders and balances of power, but also led to the creation of new international organisations, such as the UN, designed to keep the peace.

The post-Second World War period was characterised by the Cold War, an ideological and geopolitical struggle between the superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. Despite the polarisation into East-West blocs, the world also witnessed a rapid process of decolonisation, giving rise to new states. These states, faced with their own challenges, often sought to navigate the international system as part of the non-aligned movement, highlighting the specific issues of the Third World.

However, the twentieth century was not without economic challenges. The great recessions tested the resilience of the international system, prompting a variety of political and economic responses and the emergence of new economic powers. As we enter the 21st century, new challenges have arisen. Climate change, international terrorism, globalisation and technological revolutions have all influenced, and continue to influence, the way nations interact.

Banquet of the Amsterdam Civil Guard celebrating the Peace of Münster (1648), exhibited in the Rijksmuseum, by Bartholomeus van der Helst.

Lectures[modifier | modifier le wikicode]

Perspectives on the studies, issues and problems of international history

Part I: The evolution of geopolitical balances[modifier | modifier le wikicode]

Chapter 1 - Europe at the centre of the world: from the end of the 19th century to 1918

Chapter 2 - The era of the superpowers: 1918 - 1989

Chapter 3 - A multipolar world: 1989 - 2011

Part Two: Between nationalism, regionalism and universalism: the logics of the contemporary world system[modifier | modifier le wikicode]

The International System in Historical Context: Perspectives and Interpretations

Chapter 4 - The beginnings of the contemporary international system: 1870 - 1939

Chapter 5 - World War II and the remaking of the world order: 1939 - 1947

Chapter 6 - The international system in the test of bipolarisation: 1947 - 1989

Chapter 7 - The post-Cold War system: 1989 - 2012

Related courses[modifier | modifier le wikicode]

The issue of Daech: issues and challenges

References[modifier | modifier le wikicode]

[1] Page personnelle de Ludovic Tournès sur le site de l'Université de Genève

[2] Publications de Ludovic Tournès | Cairn.info

[3] CV de Ludovic Tournès sur le site de l'Université de la Sorbonne

[1]

[2]

[3]

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-''D'après un cours de Ludovic Tournès''<ref>[https://www.unige.ch/lettres/istge/unites/hco/enseignants-chercheurs/tournes/ Page personnelle de Ludovic Tournès sur le site de l'Université de Genève]</ref><ref>[https://www.cairn.info/publications-de-Tourn%C3%A8s-Ludovic--5840.htm Publications de Ludovic Tournès | Cairn.info]</ref><ref>[http://sirice.eu/membre/ludovic-tournes CV de Ludovic Tournès sur le site de l'Université de la Sorbonne]</ref>
+''Based on a lesson by Ludovic Tournès''<ref>[https://www.unige.ch/lettres/istge/unites/hco/enseignants-chercheurs/tournes/ Page personnelle de Ludovic Tournès sur le site de l'Université de Genève]</ref><ref>[https://www.cairn.info/publications-de-Tourn%C3%A8s-Ludovic--5840.htm Publications de Ludovic Tournès | Cairn.info]</ref><ref>[http://sirice.eu/membre/ludovic-tournes CV de Ludovic Tournès sur le site de l'Université de la Sorbonne]</ref>
 {{Translations
-| en = Introduction to the history of international relations
+| fr = Introduction à l'histoire des relations internationales
 | es = Introducción a la historia de las relaciones internacionales
 | it = Introduzione alla storia delle relazioni internazionali
@@ Ligne 8 : / Ligne 8 : @@
 }}
-L'étude des relations internationales s'étend bien au-delà de la simple analyse des interactions entre nations. Elle plonge dans la profondeur de l'histoire, explorant les dynamiques changeantes du pouvoir, les ambitions et les tensions qui ont façonné notre monde. Ce cours offre une initiation complète aux enjeux internationaux qui ont marqué l'histoire depuis le XIXe siècle jusqu'à nos jours.
+The study of international relations extends far beyond the simple analysis of interactions between nations. It delves deep into history, exploring the shifting power dynamics, ambitions and tensions that have shaped our world. This course offers a comprehensive introduction to the international issues that have shaped history from the nineteenth century to the present day.
-Au début du XIXe siècle, le monde était dominé par de grands empires. Le système international, naissant et évolutif, était façonné par les équilibres de pouvoir entre ces entités. Ces équilibres, toutefois, étaient constamment remis en question, notamment à cause des alliances fluctuantes et des tensions persistantes entre les principales puissances. L'avènement de la révolution industrielle a amplifié ces tensions, transformant la puissance économique en puissance militaire et exacerbant les ambitions coloniales et impérialistes.
+At the beginning of the 19th century, the world was dominated by great empires. The emerging and evolving international system was shaped by the balance of power between these entities. These balances, however, were constantly being challenged, not least by the shifting alliances and persistent tensions between the major powers. The advent of the Industrial Revolution amplified these tensions, transforming economic power into military might and exacerbating colonial and imperial ambitions.
-La colonisation, avec ses processus complexes et ses motivations variées, a laissé une empreinte indélébile sur l'histoire mondiale. Tandis que les puissances coloniales étendaient leur influence, les territoires colonisés étaient souvent marqués par la résistance et les mouvements anti-coloniaux. Cependant, le XXe siècle a été profondément marqué par deux guerres mondiales. Ces conflits ont non seulement redéfini les frontières et les équilibres de pouvoir, mais ont également conduit à la création de nouvelles organisations internationales, comme l'ONU, destinées à maintenir la paix.
+Colonisation, with its complex processes and varied motivations, has left an indelible mark on world history. As colonial powers extended their influence, colonised territories were often marked by resistance and anti-colonial movements. However, the twentieth century was profoundly marked by two world wars. These conflicts not only redefined borders and balances of power, but also led to the creation of new international organisations, such as the UN, designed to keep the peace.
-La période post-seconde guerre mondiale a été caractérisée par la Guerre Froide, une lutte idéologique et géopolitique entre les superpuissances : les États-Unis et l'Union Soviétique. Malgré la polarisation en blocs Est-Ouest, le monde a également assisté à un processus de décolonisation rapide, donnant naissance à de nouveaux états. Ces états, confrontés à leurs propres défis, ont souvent cherché à naviguer dans le système international en tant que partie du mouvement des non-alignés, soulignant les enjeux spécifiques du Tiers Monde.
+The post-Second World War period was characterised by the Cold War, an ideological and geopolitical struggle between the superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. Despite the polarisation into East-West blocs, the world also witnessed a rapid process of decolonisation, giving rise to new states. These states, faced with their own challenges, often sought to navigate the international system as part of the non-aligned movement, highlighting the specific issues of the Third World.
-Cependant, le XXe siècle n'a pas été exempt de défis économiques. Les grandes récessions ont testé la résilience du système international, incitant à des réponses politiques et économiques variées et à l'émergence de nouvelles puissances économiques. En entrant dans le XXIe siècle, de nouveaux défis se sont présentés. Le changement climatique, le terrorisme international, la mondialisation et les révolutions technologiques ont tous influencé, et continuent d'influencer, la façon dont les nations interagissent.
+However, the twentieth century was not without economic challenges. The great recessions tested the resilience of the international system, prompting a variety of political and economic responses and the emergence of new economic powers. As we enter the 21st century, new challenges have arisen. Climate change, international terrorism, globalisation and technological revolutions have all influenced, and continue to influence, the way nations interact.[[Image:Helst, Peace of Münster.jpg|thumb|1000px|center|<center>Banquet of the Amsterdam Civil Guard celebrating the Peace of Münster (1648), exhibited in the Rijksmuseum, by Bartholomeus van der Helst.]]
-[[Image:Helst, Peace of Münster.jpg|thumb|1000px|center|<center>''Banquet de la garde civile d'Amsterdam fêtant la paix de Münster'' (1648), exposé au Rijksmuseum, par Bartholomeus van der Helst.]]
-{{Translations
-| fr = Introduction à l'histoire des relations internationales
-| es = Introducción a la historia de las relaciones internacionales
-| it = Introduzione alla storia delle relazioni internazionali
-| de = Einführung in die Geschichte der internationalen Beziehungen
-}}
 = Lectures =
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 [[Category:2014]]
 [[Category:2015]]
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